1. Nā laʻana noi
1) Papa hoʻopili
I nā makahiki 1960, ua hoʻohana mua ʻo Toyota Motor Company i ka ʻenehana hakahaka i hoʻopili ʻia. ʻO ia ke hoʻohui i ʻelua a ʻoi aku paha mau pepa ma ka hoʻopili ʻana a laila e sila iā lākou. Hiki i kēia mau pepa ke loaʻa nā mānoanoa like ʻole, nā mea hana, a me nā waiwai. Ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o nā koi no ka hana kaʻa a me nā hana e like me ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu, ka palekana o ke kaiapuni, ka palekana o ka hoʻokele ʻana, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, ua huki nui ka ʻenehana hoʻopili ʻana i ka nānā. Hiki i ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka papa ke hoʻohana i ka hoʻopili kiko, ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka ʻūlū uila,kuʻihao laser, ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka hydrogen arc, a pēlā aku. I kēia manawa,kuʻihao laserhoʻohana nui ʻia i ka noiʻi haole a me ka hana ʻana o nā blanks i hoʻopili ʻia.
Ma ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā hopena hoʻāʻo a me ka helu ʻana, ua kūlike nā hopena, e hōʻoia ana i ka pololei o ke kumu hoʻohālike kumu wela. Ua helu ʻia ka laulā o ke kuʻi wili ma lalo o nā ʻano hana like ʻole a ua hoʻomaikaʻi mālie ʻia. ʻO ka hope loa, ua lawe ʻia ka lakio ikehu kukuna o 2:1, ua hoʻonohonoho like ʻia nā kukuna pālua, aia ke kukuna ikehu nui ma ke kikowaena o ke kuʻi wili, a aia ke kukuna ikehu liʻiliʻi ma ka papa mānoanoa. Hiki iā ia ke hōʻemi pono i ka laulā wili. Ke mamao nā kukuna ʻelua mai kekahi i kekahi he 45 degere. Ke hoʻonohonoho ʻia, hana ke kukuna ma ka papa mānoanoa a me ka papa lahilahi. Ma muli o ka emi ʻana o ke anawaena kukuna hoʻomehana pono, emi pū ka laulā wili.
2）Nā metala like ʻole o ke kila alumini
ʻO kēia mau hopena i hōʻike ʻia ma ke aʻo ʻana: (1) Ke piʻi nei ka lakio ikehu kukuna, e emi mālie ana ka mānoanoa o ka hui intermetallic ma kahi kūlana like o ka interface weld/aluminum alloy, a e ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o ka hoʻolaha ʻana. Ke RS=2, aia ka mānoanoa o ka papa IMC interface ma waena o 5-10 microns. ʻO ka lōʻihi loa o ka IMC "needle-like" manuahi ma waena o 23 microns. Ke RS=0.67, aia ka mānoanoa o ka papa IMC interface ma lalo o 5 microns, a ʻo ka lōʻihi loa o ka IMC "needle-like" manuahi he 5.6 microns. Ua emi nui ka mānoanoa o ka hui intermetallic.
(2)Ke hoʻohana ʻia ka laser dual-beam parallel no ka hoʻopili ʻana, ʻoi aku ka ʻano like ʻole o ka IMC ma ka interface weld/aluminum alloy. ʻOi aku ka mānoanoa o ka mānoanoa o ka papa IMC ma ka interface weld/aluminum alloy kokoke i ka interface hui kila/aluminum alloy, me ka mānoanoa kiʻekiʻe loa o 23.7 microns. . I ka piʻi ʻana o ka lakio ikehu beam, i ka wā RS=1.50, ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa o ka papa IMC ma ka interface weld/aluminum alloy ma mua o ka mānoanoa o ka hui intermetallic ma ka ʻāpana like o ka serial dual beam.
3. Hui ʻano T me ka alumini-lithium alloy
E pili ana i nā waiwai mechanical o nā hui laser i hoʻopili ʻia o ka alumini 2A97, ua aʻo nā mea noiʻi i ka microhardness, nā waiwai tensile a me nā waiwai luhi. Hōʻike nā hopena hoʻāʻo: ua palupalu loa ka ʻāpana weld o ka hui laser i hoʻopili ʻia o ka alumini 2A97-T3/T4. Aia ke coefficient ma kahi o 0.6, ʻo ia hoʻi ka mea nui e pili ana i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me ka paʻakikī ma hope o ka ua ʻana o ka pae hoʻoikaika; hiki i ke coefficient ikaika o ka hui alumini 2A97-T4 i hoʻopili ʻia e ka laser fiber IPGYLR-6000 ke hiki i ka 0.8, akā haʻahaʻa ka plasticity, ʻoiai ʻo ka fiber IPGYLS-4000kuʻihao laserʻO ke koina ikaika o nā hui hui alumini 2A97-T3 i hoʻopili ʻia me ka laser ma kahi o 0.6; ʻo nā hemahema o nā pore ke kumu o nā māwae luhi ma nā hui hui laser 2A97-T3 i hoʻopili ʻia me ka alumini.
Ma ke ʻano synchronous, e like me nā ʻano morphology kristal like ʻole, ua haku nui ʻia ʻo FZ me nā kristal kolamu a me nā kristal equiaxed. Loaʻa i nā kristal kolamu kahi kuhikuhi ulu epitaxial EQZ, a ʻo ko lākou mau kuhikuhi ulu e kū pololei ana i ka laina fusion. ʻO kēia no ka mea ʻo ka ʻili o ka palaoa EQZ he ʻāpana nucleation i hana mua ʻia, a ʻo ka hoʻopuehu wela ma kēia kuhikuhi ka wikiwiki loa. No laila, ulu nui ka axis crystallographic mua o ka laina fusion kū pololei a ua kaupalena ʻia nā ʻaoʻao. I ka ulu ʻana o nā kristal kolamu i ke kikowaena o ka weld, loli ke ʻano o ke ʻano a hoʻokumu ʻia nā dendrites kolamu. Ma ke kikowaena o ka weld, kiʻekiʻe ka mahana o ka loko i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, like ka nui o ka hoʻopuehu wela ma nā ʻaoʻao āpau, a ulu like nā hua ma nā ʻaoʻao āpau, e hana ana i nā dendrites equiaxed. Ke kūlike pono ka axis crystallographic mua o nā dendrites equiaxed i ka mokulele specimen, hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā hua e like me ka pua i ka pae metallographic. Eia kekahi, i hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka supercooling o nā ʻāpana kūloko i loko o ka ʻāpana weld, ʻike pinepine ʻia nā kāʻei fine-grained equiaxed ma kahi seam welded o ka hui synchronous mode T-shaped, a ʻokoʻa ke ʻano o ka palaoa i loko o ka hui equiaxed fine-grained mai ke ʻano o ka palaoa o EQZ. ʻAno like. No ka mea, ʻokoʻa ke kaʻina hana hoʻomehana o ke ʻano heterogeneous TSTB-LW mai ko ke ʻano synchronous TSTB-LW, aia nā ʻokoʻa maopopo i ka macromorphology a me ke ʻano microstructure. Ua ʻike ka hui heterogeneous mode TSTB-LW T-shaped i ʻelua mau pōʻaiapuni thermal, e hōʻike ana i nā ʻano lua wai hoʻoheheʻe pālua. Aia kahi laina fusion lua maopopo i loko o ka weld, a he liʻiliʻi ka loko i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i hana ʻia e ka welding conduction thermal. I ke kaʻina hana heterogeneous mode TSTB-LW, ua hoʻopilikia ʻia ka weld penetration hohonu e ke kaʻina hana hoʻomehana o ka welding conduction thermal. ʻO nā dendrites columnar a me nā dendrites equiaxed kokoke i ka laina fusion lua he liʻiliʻi nā palena subgrain a hoʻololi i nā kristal columnar a i ʻole cellular, e hōʻike ana i ka hopena wela o ke kaʻina hana hoʻomehana o ka welding conductivity thermal i nā welds penetration hohonu. A ʻo ka nui o ka palaoa o nā dendrites ma ke kikowaena o ka weld conductive thermally he 2-5 microns, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka nui o ka palaoa o nā dendrites ma ke kikowaena o ka weld penetration hohonu (5-10 microns). Pili nui kēia i ka hoʻomehana nui loa o nā welds ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua. Pili ka mahana i ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻomaʻalili ʻana ma hope.
3) Kumumanaʻo o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka pauka laser kukuna pālua
4)Ka ikaika hui solder kiʻekiʻe
I loko o ka hoʻokolohua hoʻoheheʻe pauka laser pālua-kukui, ʻoiai ua hoʻolaha ʻia nā kukuna laser ʻelua ma ka ʻaoʻao ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ke kaula alahaka, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka laulā o ka laser a me ke substrate ma mua o ka hoʻoheheʻe pauka laser hoʻokahi-kukui, a ʻo nā hui solder hopena e kū pololei ana i ke kaula alahaka. Ua hoʻolōʻihi iki ʻia ke kuhikuhi o ke kaula. Hōʻike ka Kiʻi 3.6 i nā hui solder i loaʻa ma o ka hoʻoheheʻe pauka laser hoʻokahi-kukui a me ka lua-kukui. I ka wā o ke kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe, inā he kukuna pāluakuʻihao laserke ʻano hana a i ʻole kahi kukuna hoʻokahikuʻihao laserʻano hana, ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi loko wai hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ma luna o ka mea kumu ma o ka hoʻoili wela. Ma kēia ʻano, hiki i ka metala mea kumu hoʻoheheʻe i loko o ka loko wai hoʻoheheʻe ke hana i kahi pilina metallurgical me ka pauka alloy hoʻoheheʻe ponoʻī, a laila e hoʻokō ai i ka wili ʻana. I ka wā e hoʻohana ai i ka laser dual-beam no ka wili ʻana, ʻo ka pilina ma waena o ke kukuna laser a me ka mea kumu ka pilina ma waena o nā wahi hana o nā kukuna laser ʻelua, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka pilina ma waena o nā loko wai hoʻoheheʻe ʻelua i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka laser ma luna o ka mea. Ma kēia ʻano, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hui hou ʻana ma mua o ka kukuna hoʻokahi.kuʻihao laser, no laila nā hui solder i loaʻa ma o ka beam pāluakuʻihao laserʻoi aku ka ikaika ma mua o ka kukuna hoʻokahikuʻihao laser.
2. ʻO ke kūʻai aku kiʻekiʻe a me ka hana hou ʻana
Ma ke kukuna hoʻokahikuʻihao laserhoʻokolohua, ʻoiai ke kikowaena o kahi i kālele ʻia o ka laser e hana pololei ana ma ka uea micro-bridge, he kiʻekiʻe loa nā koi o ka uea alahaka no kakuʻihao lasernā palena hana, e like me ka hoʻolaha like ʻole o ka ikehu laser a me ka mānoanoa like ʻole o ka pauka alloy. E alakaʻi kēia i ka haki ʻana o ka uea i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana kuʻihao a hiki ke hoʻomake pololei i ka uea alahaka e mahu. I ke ʻano kuʻihao laser kukuna pālua, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hana pololei nā kikowaena kiko o nā kukuna laser ʻelua ma nā uea micro-bridge, ua hoʻemi ʻia nā koi koʻikoʻi no nā palena hana kuʻihao laser o nā uea alahaka, a ua hoʻomaikaʻi nui ʻia ka weldability a me ka hana hou ʻana. .
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻOkakopa-17-2023
